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Net::SMTP - Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client
use Net::SMTP;
# Constructors
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', Timeout => 60);
A new Net::SMTP object must be created with the new method. Once this has been done, all SMTP commands are accessed through this object.
The Net::SMTP class is a subclass of Net::Cmd and IO::Socket::INET.
#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use Net::SMTP;
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
print $smtp->domain,"\n";
$smtp->quit;
This example sends a small message to the postmaster at the SMTP server known as mailhost:
#!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
use Net::SMTP;
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost');
$smtp->mail($ENV{USER});
$smtp->to('postmaster');
$smtp->data();
$smtp->datasend("To: postmaster\n");
$smtp->datasend("\n");
$smtp->datasend("A simple test message\n");
$smtp->dataend();
$smtp->quit;
"HOST" is optional. If "HOST" is not given then it may instead be passed as the "Host" option described below. If neither is given then the "SMTP_Hosts" specified in "Net::Config" will be used.
"OPTIONS" are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Hello - SMTP requires that you identify yourself. This option specifies a string to pass as your mail domain. If not given localhost.localdomain will be used.
Host - SMTP host to connect to. It may be a single scalar, as defined for the "PeerAddr" option in IO::Socket::INET, or a reference to an array with hosts to try in turn. The ``host'' method will return the value which was used to connect to the host.
LocalAddr and LocalPort - These parameters are passed directly to IO::Socket to allow binding the socket to a local port.
Timeout - Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the SMTP server (default: 120)
ExactAddresses - If true the all ADDRESS arguments must be as defined by "addr-spec" in RFC2822. If not given, or false, then Net::SMTP will attempt to extract the address from the value passed.
Debug - Enable debugging information
Example:
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost',
Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
Timeout => 30,
Debug => 1,
);
# the same
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
Host => 'mailhost',
Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
Timeout => 30,
Debug => 1,
);
# Connect to the default server from Net::config
$smtp = Net::SMTP->new(
Hello => 'my.mail.domain'
Timeout => 30,
);
The "mail" method can some additional ESMTP OPTIONS which is passed in hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Size => <bytes> Return => "FULL" | "HDRS" Bits => "7" | "8" | "binary" Transaction => <ADDRESS> Envelope => <ENVID> XVERP => 1
The "Return" and "Envelope" parameters are used for DSN (Delivery Status Notification).
The "recipient" method can also pass additional case-sensitive OPTIONS as an anonymous hash using key and value pairs. Possible options are:
Notify => ['NEVER'] or ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY'] (see below) SkipBad => 1 (to ignore bad addresses)
If "SkipBad" is true the "recipient" will not return an error when a bad address is encountered and it will return an array of addresses that did succeed.
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2); # Good
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
$smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
@goodrecips=$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
$smtp->recipient("$recipient,$recipient2"); # BAD
Notify is used to request Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs), but your SMTP/ESMTP service may not respect this request depending upon its version and your site's SMTP configuration.
Leaving out the Notify option usually defaults an SMTP service to its default behavior equivalent to ['FAILURE'] notifications only, but again this may be dependent upon your site's SMTP configuration.
The NEVER keyword must appear by itself if used within the Notify option and ``requests that a DSN not be returned to the sender under any conditions.''
{Notify => ['NEVER']}
$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['NEVER'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
You may use any combination of these three values 'SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY' in the anonymous array reference as defined by RFC3461 (see http://rfc.net/rfc3461.html for more information. Note: quotations in this topic from same.).
A Notify parameter of 'SUCCESS' or 'FAILURE' ``requests that a DSN be issued on successful delivery or delivery failure, respectively.''
A Notify parameter of 'DELAY' ``indicates the sender's willingness to receive delayed DSNs. Delayed DSNs may be issued if delivery of a message has been delayed for an unusual amount of time (as determined by the Message Transfer Agent (MTA) at which the message is delayed), but the final delivery status (whether successful or failure) cannot be determined. The absence of the DELAY keyword in a NOTIFY parameter requests that a ''delayed`` DSN NOT be issued under any conditions.''
{Notify => ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY']}
$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good
"DATA" may be a reference to a list or a list. If specified the contents of "DATA" and a termination string ".\r\n" is sent to the server. And the result will be true if the data was accepted.
If "DATA" is not specified then the result will indicate that the server wishes the data to be sent. The data must then be sent using the "datasend" and "dataend" methods described in Net::Cmd.
Most sites usually disable this feature in their SMTP service configuration. Use ``Debug => 1'' option under new() to see if disabled.
If "ExactAddresses" is passed to the contructor, then addresses should be a valid rfc2821-quoted address, although Net::SMTP will accept accept the address surrounded by angle brackets.
funny user@domain WRONG "funny user"@domain RIGHT, recommended <"funny user"@domain> OK
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