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faithd - FAITH IPv6/v4 translator daemon
When receives TCPv6 traffic, will relay the TCPv6 traffic to TCPv4 Destination for relayed TCPv4 connection will be determined by the last 4 octets of the original IPv6 destination. For example, if 3ffe:0501:4819:ffff:: is reserved for , and the TCPv6 destination address is 3ffe:0501:4819:ffff::0a01:0101 the traffic will be relayed to IPv4 destination 10.1.1.1
To use translation service, an IPv6 address prefix must be reserved for mapping IPv4 addresses into. Kernel must be properly configured to route all the TCP connection toward the reserved IPv6 address prefix into the faith(4) pseudo interface, by using route(8) command. Also, sysctl(8) should be used to configure net.inet6.ip6.keepfaith to 1
The router must be configured to capture all the TCP traffic toward reserved IPv6 address prefix, by using route(8) and sysctl(8) commands.
The utility needs a special name-to-address translation logic, so that hostnames gets resolved into special IPv6 address prefix. For small-scale installation, use hosts(5). For large-scale installation, it is useful to have a DNS server with special address translation support. An implementation called totd is available at http://www.vermicelli.pasta.cs.uit.no/ipv6/software.html Make sure you do not propagate translated DNS records to normal DNS cloud, it is highly harmful.
Since listens to TCP port service it is not possible to run local TCP daemons for port service on the router, using inetd(8) or other standard mechanisms. By specifying serverpath to , you can run local daemons on the router. The utility will invoke local daemon at serverpath if the destination address is local interface address, and will perform translation to IPv4 TCP in other cases. You can also specify serverargs for the arguments for the local daemon.
The following options are available:
The utility will relay both normal and out-of-band TCP data. It is capable of emulating TCP half close as well. The utility includes special support for protocols used by ftp(1). When translating FTP protocol, translates network level addresses in PORT/LPRT/EPRT and PASV/LPSV/EPSV commands.
Inactive sessions will be disconnected in 30 minutes, to avoid stale sessions from chewing up resources. This may be inappropriate for some of the services (should this be configurable?).
The utility determines operation mode by the local TCP port number, and enables special protocol handling whenever necessary/possible. For example, if is invoked via inetd(8) on FTP port, it will operate as a FTP relay.
The operation mode requires special support for in inetd(8).
If the source address of a query matches src / slen and the translated destination address matches dst / dlen deny the connection.
If the source address of a query matches src / slen and the translated destination address matches dst / dlen permit the connection.
The directives are evaluated in sequence, and the first matching entry will be effective. If there is no match (if we reach the end of the ruleset) the traffic will be denied.
With inetd mode, traffic may be filtered by using access control functionality in inetd(8).
# sysctl net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv=0 # sysctl net.inet6.ip6.forwarding=1 # sysctl net.inet6.ip6.keepfaith=1 # ifconfig faith0 up # route add -inet6 3ffe:501:4819:ffff:: -prefixlen 96 ::1 # route change -inet6 3ffe:501:4819:ffff:: -prefixlen 96 -ifp faith0
# faithd telnet
If you would like to provide local telnet service via telnetd(8) on /usr/libexec/telnetd use the following command line:
# faithd telnet /usr/libexec/telnetd telnetd
If you would like to pass extra arguments to the local daemon:
# faithd ftp /usr/libexec/ftpd ftpd -l
Here are some other examples. You may need -p if the service checks the source port range.
# faithd ssh # faithd telnet /usr/libexec/telnetd telnetd
telnet stream tcp6/faith nowait root faithd telnetd ftp stream tcp6/faith nowait root faithd ftpd -l ssh stream tcp6/faith nowait root faithd /usr/sbin/sshd -i
inetd(8) will open listening sockets with enabling kernel TCP relay support. Whenever connection comes in, will be invoked by inetd(8). If it the connection endpoint is in the reserved IPv6 address prefix. The utility will relay the connection. Otherwise, will invoke service-specific daemon like telnetd(8).
# permit anyone from 3ffe:501:ffff::/48 to use the translator, # to connect to the following IPv4 destinations: # - any location except 10.0.0.0/8 and 127.0.0.0/8. # Permit no other connections. # 3ffe:501:ffff::/48 deny 10.0.0.0/8 3ffe:501:ffff::/48 deny 127.0.0.0/8 3ffe:501:ffff::/48 permit 0.0.0.0/0
IPv6 and IPsec support based on the KAME Project (http://www.kame.net/) stack was initially integrated into Fx 4.0
Administrators are advised to limit accesses to using faithd.conf or by using IPv6 packet filters. It is to protect service from malicious parties and avoid theft of service/bandwidth. IPv6 destination address can be limited by carefully configuring routing entries that points to faith(4), using route(8). IPv6 source address needs to be filtered by using packet filters. Documents listed in Sx SEE ALSO have more discussions on this topic.
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