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NAME

rc

 - command scripts for auto-reboot and daemon startup

 

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

The rc.d/ directories contain scripts which will be automatically executed at boot time and shutdown time.  

Operation of

1. If autobooting, set autoboot = yes and enable a flag (rc_fast = yes ) which prevents the rc.d/ scripts from performing the check for already running processes (thus speeding up the boot process). This rc_fast = yes speedup will not occur when is started up after exiting the single-user shell.
2. Determine whether the system is booting diskless, and if so run the /etc/rc.initdiskless script.
3. Source /etc/rc.subr to load various rc.subr8 shell functions to use.
4. Load the configuration files.
5. Determine if booting in a jail, and add ``nojail '' to the list of KEYWORDS to skip in rcorder(8).
6. Invoke rcorder(8) to order the files in /etc/rc.d/ that do not have a ``nostart '' KEYWORD (refer to rcorder(8)Ns's -s flag).
7. Call each script in turn using run_rc_script ();
   (from rc.subr8), which sets $1 to ``start '' and sources the script in a subshell. If the script has a .sh suffix then it is sourced directly into the current shell. Stop processing when the script that is the value of the $early_late_divider has been run.
8. Re-run rcorder(8), this time including the scripts in the $local_startup directories. Ignore everything up to the $early_late_divider then start executing the scripts as described above.

Operation of rc.shutdown

1. Source /etc/rc.subr to load various rc.subr8 shell functions to use.
2. Load the configuration files.
3. Invoke rcorder(8) to order the files in /etc/rc.d/ and the $local_startup directories that have a ``shutdown '' KEYWORD (refer to rcorder(8)Ns's -k flag), reverse that order, and assign the result to a variable.
4. Call each script in turn using run_rc_script ();
   (from rc.subr8), which sets $1 to ``stop '' and sources the script in a subshell. If the script has a .sh suffix then it is sourced directly into the current shell.

Contents of rc.d/

ALLUPPERCASE

Scripts that are ``placeholders'' to ensure that certain operations are performed before others. In order of startup, these are:

NETWORKING

Ensure basic network services are running, including general network configuration.

SERVERS

Ensure basic services exist for services that start early (such as named ) because they are required by DAEMON below.

DAEMON

Check-point before all general purpose daemons such as lpd and ntpd

LOGIN

Check-point before user login services ( inetd and sshd ) as well as services which might run commands as users ( cron and sendmail )

foo.sh

Scripts that are to be sourced into the current shell rather than a subshell have a .sh suffix. Extreme care must be taken in using this, as the startup sequence will terminate if the script does.

bar

Scripts that are sourced in a subshell. The boot does not stop if such a script terminates with a non-zero status, but a script can stop the boot if necessary by invoking the stop_boot ();
function (from rc.subr8).

Each script should contain rcorder(8) keywords, especially an appropriate ``PROVIDE '' entry, and if necessary ``REQUIRE '' and ``BEFORE '' keywords.

Each script is expected to support at least the following arguments, which are automatically supported if it uses the run_rc_command ();
function:

start

Start the service. This should check that the service is to be started as specified by rc.conf5. Also checks if the service is already running and refuses to start if it is. This latter check is not performed by standard Fx scripts if the system is starting directly to multi-user mode, to speed up the boot process. If forcestart is given, ignore the rc.conf5 check and start anyway.

stop

If the service is to be started as specified by rc.conf5, stop the service. This should check that the service is running and complain if it is not. If forcestop is given, ignore the rc.conf5 check and attempt to stop.

restart

Perform a stop then a start

status

If the script starts a process (rather than performing a one-off operation), show the status of the process. Otherwise it is not necessary to support this argument. Defaults to displaying the process ID of the program (if running).

poll

If the script starts a process (rather than performing a one-off operation), wait for the command to exit. Otherwise it is not necessary to support this argument.

rcvar

Display which rc.conf5 variables are used to control the startup of the service (if any).

If a script must implement additional commands it can list them in the extra_commands variable, and define their actions in a variable constructed from the command name (see the Sx EXAMPLES section).

The following key points apply to old-style scripts in /usr/local/etc/rc.d/

• Scripts are only executed if their basename(1) matches the shell globbing pattern *.sh and they are executable. Any other files or directories present within the directory are silently ignored.
• When a script is executed at boot time, it is passed the string ``start '' as its first and only argument. At shutdown time, it is passed the string ``stop '' as its first and only argument. All rc.d/ scripts are expected to handle these arguments appropriately. If no action needs to be taken at a given time (either boot time or shutdown time), the script should exit successfully and without producing an error message.
• The scripts within each directory are executed in lexicographical order. If a specific order is required, numbers may be used as a prefix to the existing filenames, so for example 100.foo would be executed before 200.bar without the numeric prefixes the opposite would be true.
• The output from each script is traditionally a space character, followed by the name of the software package being started or shut down, without a trailing newline character (see the Sx EXAMPLES section).

SCRIPTS OF INTEREST

The rc.early script is run very early in the startup process, immediately before the file system check. The rc.early script is deprecated. Any commands in this file should be separated out into rc.d/ style scripts and integrated into the system.

The /etc/rc.d/local script can execute scripts from multiple rc.d/ directories. The default location includes /usr/local/etc/rc.d/ but these may be overridden with the local_startup rc.conf5 variable.

The /etc/rc.d/serial script is used to set any special configurations for serial devices.

The rc.firewall script is used to configure rules for the kernel based firewall service. It has several possible options:

open

will allow anyone in

client

will try to protect just this machine

simple

will try to protect a whole network

closed

totally disables IP services except via lo0 interface

UNKNOWN

disables the loading of firewall rules

filename

will load the rules in the given filename (full path required).

The /etc/rc.d/atm* scripts are used to configure ATM network interfaces. The interfaces are configured in three passes. The first pass performs the initial interface configuration. The second pass completes the interface configuration and defines PVCs and permanent ATMARP entries. The third pass starts any ATM daemons.

Most daemons, including network related daemons, have their own script in /etc/rc.d/ which can be used to start, stop, and check the status of the service.

Any architecture specific scripts, such as /etc/rc.d/apm for example, specifically check that they are on that architecture before starting the daemon.

Following tradition, all startup files reside in /etc  

FILES

/etc/rc

/etc/rc.conf

/etc/rc.conf.local

/etc/rc.d/

/etc/rc.firewall

/etc/rc.local

/etc/rc.shutdown

/etc/rc.subr

/var/run/dmesg.boot

dmesg(8) results soon after the process begins. Useful when dmesg(8) buffer in the kernel no longer has this information.

EXAMPLES

#!/bin/sh
#

# PROVIDE: foo
# REQUIRE: bar_service_required_to_precede_foo

. /etc/rc.subr

name="foo"
rcvar=`set_rcvar`
command="/usr/local/bin/foo"

load_rc_config $name
run_rc_command "$1"

Certain scripts may want to provide enhanced functionality. The user may access this functionality through additional commands. The script may list and define as many commands at it needs.

#!/bin/sh
#

# PROVIDE: foo
# REQUIRE: bar_service_required_to_precede_foo
# BEFORE:  baz_service_requiring_foo_to_precede_it

. /etc/rc.subr

name="foo"
rcvar=`set_rcvar`
command="/usr/local/bin/foo"
extra_commands="nop hello"
hello_cmd="echo Hello World."
nop_cmd="do_nop"

do_nop()
{
        echo "I do nothing."
}

load_rc_config $name
run_rc_command "$1"

As all processes are killed by init(8) at shutdown, the explicit kill(1) is unnecessary, but is often included.  

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Operation of Nm

Operation of Nm rc.shutdown

Contents of Nm rc.d/

SCRIPTS OF INTEREST

FILES

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

HISTORY

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