4.1. The Linux OS

INFO-SHEET, Linux Information Sheet

Updated: September 1998. Provides basic information about the Linux operating system, including an explanation of Linux, a list of features, some requirements, and some resources.

Unix-and-Internet-Fundamentals-HOWTO, The Unix and Internet Fundamentals HOWTO

Updated: February 2002. Describes the working basics of PC-class computers, Unix-like operating systems, and the Internet in non-technical language.

DOSEMU-HOWTO, The dosemu HOWTO

Updated: December 2002. DOSEMU stands for DOS Emulation, and is an application that enables the Linux OS to run many DOS programs.

DOS-Win-to-Linux-HOWTO, From DOS/Windows to Linux HOWTO

Updated: August 1999. Written for all the DOS and Windows users who have decided to switch to Linux.

Linux+Windows-HOWTO, Linux + Windows HOWTO

Updated: December 2001. Aimed at assisting those who wish to use the features of both Linux and Windows on the same host.

VMS-to-Linux-HOWTO, From VMS to Linux HOWTO

Updated: September 1999. Aimed at all those who have been using VMS and now need or want to switch to Linux.

CD-Distributions-EN-HOWTO, English-language GNU/Linux distributions on CD-ROM

Updated: March 2002. Intended to show prospective users or administrators of a GNU/Linux system the range of choices open to them when deciding on a distribution for the first time. It also aims to help experienced users track the state of the GNU/Linux distributions market. It emphatically does not aim to be a complete list of all GNU/Linux distributions for all platforms and in all languages. The focus is on popular English-language distributions; specifically compiled for the Intel platform; available on CD-ROM; and easily accessible to the first-time user.

Replaces the Distributions-HOWTO

Distributions-HOWTO, Distributions HOWTO

Archived - Last Update: March 2002. Replaced by the English-language GNU/Linux distributions on CD-ROM. Now lists CD-ROM-based English-language Linux distributions only.

Further information on Linux Distributions can be found on the Linux Weekly News (LWN) site: Distributions section.

Linux From Scratch HOWTO

Describes the process of creating your own Linux system from scratch from an already installed Linux distribution, using nothing but the source code of software that we need.

Replaced by the Linux From Scratch book.

Pre-Installation-Checklist, GNU/Linux Pre-Installation Checklist

Updated: November 2000. An aide-memoire which may make installation of Linux a pleasant experience for you.

Installation-HOWTO, The Linux Installation HOWTO

Updated: July 2002. How to obtain and install Linux software. It is the first document which a new Linux user should read to get started.

Post-Installation-Checklist, GNU/Linux Post-Installation Checklist

Updated: June 2001. Provides a checklist for steps you should take immediately after installing GNU/Linux.

Compaq-Remote-Insight-Board-HOWTO, HOWTO Use a Compaq Remote Insight Lights Out Edition for a Headless, Remote Linux Installation

Updated: April 2002. Describes the installation of Linux on a headless Compaq ProLiant server with a Compaq Remote Insight Lights-Out Edition card without physical access to the system.

Debian-Jigdo, Debian Jigdo mini-HOWTO

Updated: December 2002. Describes why you should use jigdo (a tool for obtaining Debian ISOs), a little bit about how it works and how you use it to get and update Debian ISOs.

Hardware-HOWTO, Linux Hardware Compatibility HOWTO

Updated: November 2002. Lists most of the hardware supported by Linux and helps you locate any necessary drivers.

Install-From-ZIP, Linux Install From PPA-Zip drive mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 1998. How to install Linux from a parallel port zip drive using the Slackware Linux distribution.

Install-Strategies, Linux Installation Strategies

Updated: May 2001. Discusses a few installation strategies for those who intend to dual-boot between Windows and Linux.

KickStart-HOWTO, RedHat Linux KickStart HOWTO

Updated: January 1999. Briefly describes how to use the RedHat Linux KickStart system to rapidly install large numbers of identical Linux boxes.

Linux+DOS+Win95+OS2, The Linux-DOS-Win95-OS2 mini-HOWTO

Updated: November 1997. Presents a procedure to make 4 operating systems co-exist on a single hard disk.

Linux+FreeBSD, The Linux+FreeBSD mini-HOWTO

Updated: March 2000. How to use Linux and FreeBSD on the same system.

Linux+Solaris, Linux+Solaris mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 2000. Describes how to use Solaris and Linux together on one machine. It addresses common questions like multibooting and file-sharing.

Linux+Win95, Linux + Windows 95 mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 2001. Details how to install Linux on a machine that currently runs Windows 95.

Linux+WinNT, Linux+WindowsNT mini-HOWTO

Updated: May 2002. Covers some ways on how to install both Linux and Windows NT on the same computer and how to boot either of them from within LILO menu.

PLIP, LINUX PLIP mini-HOWTO

Updated: March 1998. Will hopefully let you build and use a Parallel Line Interface Protocol.

PLIP-Install-HOWTO, PLIP Install HOWTO

Updated: July 2002. How to install a Gnu/Linux distribution on a computer without Ethernet card, nor cdrom, but just a local floppy drive and a remote nfs server attached by a Null-Modem parallel cable.

RedHat-CD-HOWTO, Burning a RedHat CD HOWTO

Updated: December 2002. How to make your own CDs from the Red Hat Linux distribution equivalent to the ones commercially available from Red Hat (up to and including RH release 8.0).

Saving-Space, Saving Space mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 1999. Directions for squeezing your Linux installation into the least possible space. Particularly aimed at notebook users.

Small-Memory, Small Memory Mini-HOWTO

Updated: December 2000. How to run Linux on a system with a small amount of memory.

Swap-Space, Linux Swap Space Mini-HOWTO

Updated: December 2002. How to share your Linux swap partition with Windows.

Upgrade, Upgrading Your linux Distribution mini-HOWTO

Updated: March 2002. Hints and tips on upgrading from one linux distribution to another.

BogoMips, BogoMips mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 2002. Some information about BogoMips, compiled from various sources.

BootPrompt-HOWTO, The Linux BootPrompt HOWTO

Updated: March 2003. A compilation of all the possible boot time arguments that can be passed to the Linux kernel at boot time. Includes all kernel and device parameters.

IO-Perf-HOWTO, I/O Performance HOWTO

Updated: May 2002. Covers information on available patches for the 2.4 kernel that will improve the I/O performance of your Linux operating system.

Kernel-HOWTO, The Linux Kernel HOWTO

Updated: March 2003. A detailed guide to kernel configuration, compilation, upgrades, and troubleshooting for ix86-based systems.

KernelAnalysis-HOWTO, KernelAnalysis-HOWTO

Updated: March 2003. Explains some things about the Linux Kernel, such as the most important components, how they work, and so on.

Kerneld, The Linux kerneld mini-HOWTO

Updated: May 2000. Explains how you can use the kerneld function in the Linux kernels.

Linux-Crash-HOWTO, Linux Crash HOWTO

Updated: January 2002. Describes the installation and usage of the LKCD (Linux Kernel Crash Dump) package.

Module-HOWTO, Linux Loadable Kernel Module HOWTO

Updated: May 2002. Explains what Linux loadable kernel modules (LKMs) are, and how to use and create them.

Modules, Linux Modules Installation mini-HOWTO

Updated: n/a How to successfully set up Linux with modules configured and working.

PA-RISC-Linux-Boot-HOWTO, PA-RISC/Linux Boot HOWTO

Updated: October 2002. Outlines the procedures for getting the current PA-RISC/Linux development kernel to boot on your PA-RISC system. It also explains the functions of PALO, the kernel loader for PA/Linux.

Process-Accounting, Enabling Process Accounting on Linux

Updated: February 2001. Describes the basics of enabling process accounting on Linux.

Bootdisk-HOWTO, The Linux Bootdisk HOWTO

Updated: January 2002. How to design and build your own boot/root diskettes for Linux.

From-PowerUp-To-Bash-Prompt-HOWTO, From Power Up To Bash Prompt

Updated: November 2000. A brief description of what happens in a Linux system from the time that you turn on the power, to the time that you log in and get a bash prompt.

LILO, Lilo mini-HOWTO

Updated: April 2002. Lilo (LILO) is the most used Linux Loader for the x86 flavour of Linux. This describes some typical Lilo installations. Intended as a supplement to the Lilo User's Guide.

Linux-Init-HOWTO, Linux 2.4.x Initialization for IA-32 HOWTO

Updated: May 2001. A description of the Linux 2.4 kernel initialization sequence on IA-32 processors.

Linux+NT-Loader, NT OS Loader + Linux mini-HOWTO

Updated: September 1997. Describes the use of the Windows NT boot loader to start Linux. This procedures have been tested with Windows NT 4.0 WS and Linux 2.0.

Linux+Win9x+Grub-HOWTO, Linux+Win9x+Grub HOWTO

Updated: January 2002. How to use the GRUB bootloader to turn your computer into a Windows + Linux dual boot machine, without affecting your current Linux installation.

Loadlin+Win95-98-ME, The Loadlin+Win95/98/ME mini-HOWTO

Updated: February 2001. Describes how to use Loadlin with Windows 95/98/ME to boot to Linux.

MILO-HOWTO, Alpha Miniloader HOWTO

Updated: November 2000. Describes the Alpha Linux Miniloader (also known as MILO), a program for Alpha-based systems that can be used to initialize the machine and load Linux.

Multiboot-with-GRUB, Multiboot with GRUB Mini-HOWTO

Updated: January 2001. How to install Windows 98, Windows 2000, DOS and Linux using GRUB.

Multiboot-with-LILO, Win95 + WinNT + Linux multiboot using LILO mini-HOWTO

Updated: March 1998. How to multiboot between Windows 95, Windows NT, and Linux.

PA-RISC-Linux-Boot-HOWTO, PA-RISC/Linux Boot HOWTO

Updated: October 2002. Outlines the procedures for getting the current PA-RISC/Linux development kernel to boot on your PA-RISC system. It also explains the functions of PALO, the kernel loader for PA/Linux.

SRM-HOWTO, SRM Firmware HOWTO

Updated: November 2000. Describes how to boot Linux/Alpha using the SRM console, which is the console firmware also used to boot Compaq Tru64 Unix (also known as Digital Unix and OSF/1) and OpenVMS.

Parallel-Processing-HOWTO, Linux Parallel Processing HOWTO

Updated: January 1998. Discusses the four basic approaches to parallel processing that are available to Linux users: SMP Linux systems, clusters of networked Linux systems, parallel execution using multimedia instructions (i.e., MMX), and attached (parallel) processors hosted by a Linux system.

SMP-HOWTO, Linux SMP HOWTO

Updated: July 2002. Reviews main issues related to SMP configuration under Linux.

Filesystems-HOWTO, Filesystems HOWTO

Updated: August 2000. About filesystems and accessing filesystems.

Ext2fs-Undeletion, Linux Ext2fs Undeletion mini-HOWTO

Updated: February 1999. Presents a discussion of how to retrieve deleted files from a Second Extended File System.

Ext2fs-Undeletion-Dir-Struct, Ext2fs Undeletion of Directory Structures

Updated: November 2000. Describes a straight forward way of recovering whole directory structures, instead of file by file, that have been removed by a misplaced rm -rf

Linux+XFS-HOWTO, Linux + XFS HOWTO : Linux on Steroids

Updated: May 2002. Describes how to build a Linux system that runs on top of the SGI XFS journaling filesystem.

Loopback-Encrypted-Filesystem-HOWTO, Loopback Encrypted Filesystem HOWTO

Updated: November 1999. Explains how to setup and then use a filesystem that, when mounted by a user, dynamically and transparently encrypts its contents.

Loopback-Root-FS, The Loopback Root Filesystem HOWTO

Updated: September 1999. How to use the Linux loopback device to create a Linux native filesystem format installation that can be run from a DOS partition without re-partitioning.

LVM-HOWTO, Logical Volume Manager HOWTO

Updated: February 2003. Describes how to build, install, and configure LVM for Linux.

NFS-Root, NFS-Root mini-HOWTO

Updated: September 2002. How to setup a ``disc-less'' Linux workstation, which mounts it's root filesystems via NFS.

NFS-Root-Client-mini-HOWTO, NFS-Root-Client Mini-HOWTO

Updated: February 1999. How to create client root directories on a server that is using NFS Root mounted clients.

Partition, Linux Partition HOWTO

Updated: July 2001. Teaches you how to plan and layout disk space for your Linux system.

Partition-Rescue, Partition Rescue mini HOWTO

Updated: August 2002. Describes how to rescue your Linux partition if it has been deleted.

Swap-Space, Linux Swap Space Mini-HOWTO

Updated: December 2002. How to share your Linux swap partition with Windows.

UMSDOS-HOWTO, UMSDOS HOWTO

Updated: December 2001. Explains how to use Umsdos (a linux file system) in different configurations, and its operation.

Antares-RAID-sparcLinux-HOWTO, Antares-RAID-sparcLinux-HOWTO

Updated: May 2002. Describes how to install, configure, and maintain a hardware RAID built around the 5070 SBUS host based RAID controller by Antares Microsystems.

ATA-RAID-HOWTO, Linux ATA RAID HOWTO

Updated: May 2002. Explains how to install Linux on an Intel Pentium compatible computer with an ATA RAID Controller (onboard chip or seperate card), single or multiple processors and at least two hard disks.

Boot+Root+Raid+LILO, Boot + Root + Raid + Lilo : Software Raid mini-HOWTO

Updated: July 2000. A cookbook for setting up root raid using the 0.90 raidtools for bootable raid mounted on root using standard LILO.

DPT-Hardware-RAID, Linux DPT Hardware RAID mini-HOWTO

Updated: February 2002. How to set up hardware RAID under Linux.

Root-RAID-HOWTO, Root RAID HOWTO cookbook

Updated: July 2000. This document only applies to the OLD raidtools, versions 0.50 and under. The workarounds and solutions addressed in this HOWTO have largely been made obsolete by the vast improvment in the 0.90 raidtools and accompanying kernel patch to the 2.0.37, 2.2x and 2.3x series kernels. You may find the detailed descriptions useful, particularly if you plan to run root raid or use initrd.

original description: A cookbook for creating a root mounted raid filesystem and companion fallback rescue system using linux initrd. Step-by-step instructions for both raid1 and raid5 md0 devices.

Software-RAID-HOWTO, Software-RAID HOWTO

Updated: August 2002. How to use Software RAID under Linux. It addresses a specific version of the Software RAID layer, namely the 0.90 RAID layer made by Ingo Molnar and others. This is the RAID layer that will be standard in Linux-2.4, and it is the version that is also used by Linux-2.2 kernels shipped from some vendors. The 0.90 RAID support is available as patches to Linux-2.0 and Linux-2.2, and is by many considered far more stable that the older RAID support already in those kernels.

Software-RAID-0.4x-HOWTO, Software-RAID HOWTO (earlier implementation)

Updated: November 1998. How to use Software RAID under Linux. RAID stands for "Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks". For users of the Linux MD kernel extension, the associated tools, and their use. This HOWTO addresses an earlier implementation.

Printing-HOWTO, The Linux Printing HOWTO

Updated: September 2000. A collection of information on how to generate, preview, print and fax anything under Linux (and other Unices in general).

Printing-Usage-HOWTO, The Linux Printing Usage HOWTO

Updated: February 1998. How to use the print system under Linux.

Print2Win, The Linux Print2Win mini-HOWTO

Updated: July 2002. Contains the general configuration to get linux printing to a Windows print share.

Adv-Bash-Scr-HOWTO, Advanced Bash-Scripting HOWTO

A guide to shell scripting, using Bash.

Replaced by the Advanced Bash-Scripting Guide.

Bash-Prompt-HOWTO, Bash Prompt HOWTO

Updated: August 2001. Creating and controlling terminal and xterm prompts is discussed, including incorporating standard escape sequences to give username, current working directory, time, etc.

Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO, BASH Programming - Introduction HOWTO

Updated: July 2000. This article intends to help you to start programming basic-to-intermediate shell scripts.

RPM-HOWTO, RPM HOWTO - RPM at Idle

Updated: November 1999. RPM is the RPM Package Manager. It is an open packaging system available for anyone to use. It allows users to take source code for new software and package it into source and binary form such that binaries can be easily installed and tracked and source can be rebuilt easily. It also maintains a database of all packages and their files that can be used for verifying packages and querying for information about files and/or packages.

RPM+Slackware, RPM+Slackware Mini-Howto

Updated: April 1998. How to get RPM installed and working properly under Slackware.

Software-Building-HOWTO, Building and Installing Software Packages for Linux

Updated: July 1999. A comprehensive guide to building and installing "generic" UNIX software distributions under Linux.

Tips-HOWTO, The Linux Tips HOWTO

Updated: June 1998. Contains those hard to find hints and tweekings that make Linux a bit nicer.